1. bucolic (a.)田園的，鄉村的
The painting shows a typically bucolic
scene with peasants harvesting crops in a field.
這幅畫描繪了農夫們在田裡收割莊稼的情形，展現了典型的田園風光。
2. burgeon (v.) 迅速發展；快速生長
Love burgeoned between them. 他們雙雙迅速墜入愛河。
The company hoped to profit from the burgeoning
communications industry.
公司希望能從迅速發展的通訊業中獲利。
The company is currently trying to burnish
its socially responsible image.
公司目前正在努力改善形象，把自己塑造成一個有社會責任感的公司。
4. buttress (v.) (1) 建扶壁加固 (2)支持（想法或論點）
It was decided to buttress the crumbling
walls. 人們決定建造扶壁以支撐將要倒塌的牆。
The arguments for change are buttressed by
events elsewhere.
其他一些地方的事件肯定了關於變革的想法。
5. cacophony (n.) 刺耳嘈雜的聲音；雜音
What a cacophony! 多麼刺耳的聲音！
As we entered the farmyard we were met with a
cacophony of animal sounds.
我們一走進農家院，就聽到各種動物嘈雜的聲音。
6. cadge (v.) 乞討；乞得；索取
Can I cadge a lift home? 能讓我搭個順風車回家嗎？
He's always cadging free meals and free
trips from/off his clients.
他吃飯和出行都總愛佔客戶的便宜。
7. callous (a.) 冷酷無情的；無同情心的，麻木不仁的
It might sound callous, but I don't care if
he's homeless. He's not living with me!
這也許聽起來很無情，可我並不在乎他是否無家可歸。他又不是和我住在一起！
8. calumny (n.) 誹謗，誣衊，中傷
He was subjected to the most vicious calumny,
but he never complained and never sued.
他遭受了最惡毒的誹謗，但從未抱怨也從未起訴。
9. canard (n.) 虛假新聞；謊報；假消息
10. canon (n.) (1) 原則；準則；法規；（尤指）基督教教規 (2) （某人的）作品全集
the Shakespearean canon 莎士比亞作品全集
11. cant (n.) (1)（尤指關於宗教或道德話題的）假話，空話，偽善言語 (2) 行話，黑話，隱語
Shelley's friendship with Byron was rooted in
their shared contempt for cant and hypocrisy.
雪萊和拜倫的友誼源於他們均蔑視假話空話和偽善行為。
12. cantankerous (a.) 愛爭吵且抱怨不休的
He's getting a bit cantankerous in his old
age. 他上了年紀，變得有些愛吵嘴還老抱怨。
13. capricious (a.) 反覆無常的
a capricious child 任性的小孩
He was a cruel and capricious tyrant. 他是個殘忍而又反覆無常的暴君。
14. captious (a.) 吹毛求疵的，挑剔的
15. cardinal (a.) 極重要的；基本的；主要的
a cardinal rule/error/sin 基本規則／根本錯誤／嚴重過失
16. carnal (a.) 肉體的；肉慾的；性慾的
carnal desires肉慾
carnal knowledge 性行為，性交
17. carp (v.) 挑剔，吹毛求疵
I can't stand the way he's always carping. 我受不了他那副總是吹毛求疵的樣子。
18. cartography (n.) 製圖學；製圖法
19. caste (n.) （印度社會的）種姓制度，種姓
the caste system 種姓制度
20. castigate (v.) 嚴厲指責，申斥
Health inspectors castigated the kitchen
staff for poor standards of cleanliness.
衛生檢查員嚴厲地批評了廚房工作人員清潔工作做得太差。
21. cataclysm (n.) 劇變；大災難；大變動
These countries are on the brink of cataclysmic
famine.
這些國家即將發生大饑荒。
22. catalyst (n.) (1) 催化劑 (2) 促成變化的人；引發變化的因素
The high suicide rate acted as a catalyst for
change in the prison system.
高自殺率促成了監獄制度的改革。
23. categorical (a.) 確定無疑的，明確的
a categorical statement/reply/assurance明確的聲明／回覆／保證
He categorically refused to take part in
the project.
他明確拒絕參加這個企劃案。
24. caucus (n.)（政黨或組織的）決策層（會議）；利益集團（會議）
25. causal (a.) 因果的
causal
relationship/link etc.
因果關係／聯繫等
Is there a causal relationship between
violence on television and violent behavior?
電視暴力和暴力行為之間有因果關係嗎？
26. caustic (a.) (1)苛性的，腐蝕性的 (2) （話語或說話方式）刻薄的，尖刻的，挖苦的
a caustic substance 腐蝕性物質
caustic comments尖刻的評論
She's famous in the office for her caustic wit.
她說話刻薄機智，在辦公室是出了名的。
27. celestial (a.) 天的，天空的；天外的
The moon is a celestial body.月亮是天體中的一員。
28. centrifugal (a.) （旋轉的物體）離心的
centrifugal force離心力
29. centripetal (a.) 向心的
centripetal force 向心力
30. champion (n.) (1)（尤指人或動物）冠軍，獲勝者 (2) 擁護者；衛士，捍衛者；鬥士 (v.) 支持，聲援，捍衛（人、信仰、權利或原則），為…鬥爭
an Olympic champion奧運會冠軍
She is the world champion for the third
year in succession. 她第三次蟬聯世界冠軍。
She has long been a champion of prisoners'
rights/the disabled/free speech.
長期以來，她一直是囚犯權益／殘疾人士利益／言論自由的捍衛者。
He has championed constitutional reform for
many years.
他支持憲法改革好多年了。
31. chasten (v.) 懲戒；磨煉；教訓
He was chastened by the defeat and
determined to work harder.
失敗磨煉了他，他決心更加努力地工作。
32. chicanery (n.) 詭辯；詭計；欺詐
The investigation revealed political chicanery
and corruption at the highest levels.
調查揭露了最高層的政治欺詐和腐敗。
33. chivalry (n.) (1) 騎士風度；（尤指男人對女人的）殷勤，彬彬有禮 (2) 騎士精神；騎士制度
the age of chivalry 騎士時代
34. churlish (a.) 粗魯無禮的，粗野的；不友好的；令人討厭的
They invited me to dinner and I thought it would
be churlish to refuse.
他們邀請我去吃晚飯，我覺得拒絕有點不禮貌。
35. circuitous (a.) 迂迴的，繞行的
a circuitous route/path 迂迴路線
a circuitous (= long and indirect) explanation 轉彎抹角的解釋
36. clairvoyant (n.) 先知；能預見未來的人；有洞察力的人；神視者，千里眼
She went to see a clairvoyant who said he
could communicate with her dead husband.
她去見了一位先知，那人自稱能和她死去的丈夫交談。
37. clamor (v.) 大聲（或吵鬧）地抱怨，大聲地要求 (n.) (1) 大聲的抱怨；提出要求的強烈呼聲 (2) 吵鬧；喧嚷；嘈雜聲
The children were all clamoring for attention.
孩子都吵吵嚷嚷希望引起注意。
[+ to infinitive] She clamors to go home as
soon as she gets to school. 她一到學校就吵著要回家。
After the bombing, there was a public clamor
for vengeance.
爆炸過後，公眾一致嚷著要報仇。
the clamor of the city城市的喧囂
a clamor of voices人聲鼎沸
38. clique (n.) 小集團，小圈子；派系
Our golf club is run by a very unfriendly clique
(of people).
我們的高爾夫球俱樂部是由一小撮很不友好、極其排外的傢夥管理的。
There's a clique at work that never
talks/who never talk to anyone else.
公司裡有個小圈子，他們從來不和其他人說話。
39. cloister (n.) （尤指教堂、修道院等宗教建築的）迴廊 (v.) 幽閉於修道院中；使與塵世隔絕
a scientist who cloisters himself in his
laboratory 把自己關在實驗室裡的科學家
40. coagulate (v.) （使）凝結，（使）凝固
The sauce coagulated as it cooled down. 醬汁變冷後凝固了。
The venom of this snake coagulates the
blood. 這條蛇的毒液使血液凝結了。
41. coalesce (v.) 聯合，合併
42. coda (n.) (1)（樂曲、樂章的）結束樂段，結尾，尾聲 (2) （演講、事件、文章的）結尾，尾聲，附加部分
The coda is often more technically
difficult than the rest of the piece.
樂章的尾聲在演奏技巧上的難度一般比其他部分要高。
In a coda to the main exhibition are
various works which were once attributed to Rembrandt.
作為主展覽的附加展覽，還展出了許多曾被認為出自林布蘭之手的作品。
43. codify (v.) 把…編成法典；編纂（法典、條例等）
44. cognizant (a.) 知道的﹐認識到的﹐了解的
Unfortunately, we were not cognizant of (=
did not know about) the full facts.
不幸的是，我們不瞭解全部情況。
take
cognizance of sth（尤指在審判時）注意到，認識到，考慮到
The lawyer asked the jury to take cognizance of
the defendant's generosity in giving to charity.
律師請求陪審團考慮被告對慈善事業的慷慨捐助。
45. collage (n.) 拼貼畫；拼貼藝術
The children made a collage of postcards. 孩子用明信片製作了一幅拼貼畫。
46. commensurate (a.) 相當的，相稱的
a salary that is commensurate with skills
and experience 與技能和經驗相稱的薪水
47. compendium (n.) （尤指以書的形式出現的關於特定主題的）匯編，概要，概略，綱要
the Gardener's Compendium 《園丁手冊》
48. complacent (a.) 自滿的，自鳴得意的
a complacent smile/attitude自鳴得意的微笑／態度
We can't afford to become complacent about
any of our products.
我們不能對自己的任何一款產品沾沾自喜。
49. complaisant (a.) 殷勤的；順從的
50. complement (v.) 補充；補足；使完善；為…增色
Strawberries and cream complement each other
perfectly. 草莓加鮮奶油相得益彰。
The music complements her voice perfectly. 音樂使她的嗓音妙不可言。
51. compliant (a.) 順從的，聽從的；服從的
a compliant child 聽話的孩子
52. compunction (n.) 良心的不安；內疚；自責；後悔
I wouldn't have any compunction about
telling him to leave. 我不會因為叫他走開而覺得內疚。
53. concave (v.) 凹的，凹面的
a concave lens 凹透鏡
54. conciliate (v.) 安撫；撫慰；調停；和解
An independent adviser has been brought in to conciliate
between the two sides involved in the conflict.
一位獨立顧問被請來在衝突雙方之間作調解。
These changes have been made in an attempt to conciliate
critics of the plan.
作出這些變動是為了安撫該計劃的批評者。
All attempts at conciliation failed and the
dispute continued.
所有的調停努力都失敗了，爭執仍在繼續。
a conciliatory gesture/remark 和解的手勢／言論
55. concoct (v.) (1) 調製，配製（通常指食品） (2) 編造，捏造，虛構（藉口、解釋或故事）
He concocted the most amazing dish from all
sorts of unlikely ingredients.
他用各種不可思議的材料調製出最令人叫絕的菜餚。
He concocted a story about working late at
the office.
他編造謊言說他在辦公室工作到很晚。
56. concomitant (a.) 同時發生的；伴隨的，相伴的 (n.) 同時發生的事；伴隨物
Any increase in students meant a concomitant
increase in funding.
學生的增加意味著經費也要隨之增加。
Loss of memory is a natural concomitant of
old age. 上年紀後記憶力自然會隨之衰退。
57. condone (v.) 寬恕，饒恕；縱容；包容，容忍
If the government is seen to condone violence,
the bloodshed will never stop.
一旦認定政府縱容暴力，那流血事件就永遠不會停止。
58. confound (v.) 使驚疑，使困惑驚訝
An elderly man from Hull has confounded
doctors by recovering after he was officially declared dead.
赫爾市的一位老人在被正式宣佈死亡後居然活了過來，令醫生們大惑不解。
The singer confounded her critics with a
remarkable follow-up album.
這位歌手隨後又推出了一張不同凡響的專輯，令評論家們大感意外。
59. congenial (a.) 友善的；令人愉快的；怡人的
congenial company/surroundings 友善的夥伴／令人愉快的環境
60. conjugal (a.) 婚姻的；夫妻間的（尤指性生活）
conjugal happiness 婚姻的美滿
Some prisoners who want to start a family are to
be permitted conjugal visits.
一些想要孩子的囚犯將獲准配偶探監同房許可。
conjugalrights 夫妻同房權
He complained that he had been denied his
conjugal rights.
他抱怨說他被剝奪了過夫妻性生活的權利。
61. connoisseur (n.) （藝術品、食品、飲料等的）鑒賞家，鑒定家，行家
a wine/art connoisseur 葡萄酒／藝術鑒賞家
a connoisseur of ballet/cigars 芭蕾舞／雪茄行家
62. conscript (v.) 徵召，招募
He was conscripted into the army at the age
of 18. 他18歲被徵召入伍。
He's been worried that the government will
introduce conscription ever since the war began.
戰爭開始後，他一直在擔心政府會實施強制徵兵。
63. consecrate (v.) 使聖化；把…奉爲神聖；給…祝聖
The new cathedral was completed and consecrated
in 1962. 新的大教堂於1962年竣工並祝聖。
consecrated bread/wine/ground
經祝聖的麵包／酒／土地
64. contend (v.) (1) 競爭；爭奪 (2) 聲稱；斷言；主張
There are three world-class tennis players
contending for this title.
有三位世界頂級網球選手爭奪這項冠軍。
He's contending against someone with twice
his experience.
他在和經驗比他豐富一倍的人競爭。
The lawyer contended (that) her client had never
been near the scene of the crime.
該律師聲稱她的委託人從未走近過犯罪現場。
contend
with sth必須處理，必須應對（困境或不愉快的事）
At the age of nine, he had the death of both
parents to contend with.
九歲時他就不得不面對父母雙亡這一境況。
We don't need a computer failure to contend
with as well as all our other problems.
我們已有不少其他問題要解決，不想再為電腦故障問題傷腦筋。
65. contentious (a.) 有爭議的；引起爭論的；可能引發爭議的
a contentious decision/policy/issue/subject 有爭議的決定／政策／問題／話題
She has some rather contentious views on
education. 她對教育持有一些頗具爭議的看法。
66. contiguous (a.) 相近的，相鄰的；毗鄰的；互相連接的
The two states are contiguous with/to each
other, but the laws are quite different.
這兩個州相毗鄰，但其法律卻大不相同。
67. continence (n.) 自制；節制；禁慾
68. contrite (a.) 悔罪的；悔恨的
a contrite apology/expression 悔恨的道歉／表情
69. contumacious (a.) 不聽命令的；（尤指對法庭命令）抗拒的
70. conundrum (n.) (1) 難題；複雜的問題 (2) （常以雙關妙語為答案的）謎語
Arranging childcare over the school holidays can
be quite a conundrum for working parents.
對雙職工家長來說，學校放假期間如何安排照顧孩子是個大難題。
71. convention (n.) (1)大會；會議 (2) 公約；協定 (3) 傳統；（尤指社會）習俗；常規；慣例
the national Democratic convention 民主黨全國大會
Where are they holding their party convention?
他們在哪裡召開黨員大會？
the Geneva Convention日內瓦公約
a convention on human rights 人權公約
They defied/flouted/broke with convention
by giving up their jobs and becoming self-sufficient.
他們離經叛道，放棄了工作，開始過自給自足的生活。
Convention dictates that it is the man who asks the woman to marry him and
not the reverse.
根據習俗，應由男人向女人求婚而不是反過來。
In many countries, it is the/a convention to
wear black at funerals.
在葬禮上穿黑色的衣服是許多國家的習俗。
72. converge (v.) （幾條線或道路）會合，交會，匯合 (2) （觀點）趨於一致，趨同 (3) 會合；聚集；集中
The paths all converge at the main gate of
the park. 這幾條小路都在公園正門處交會。
Due to roadworks, three lanes of traffic have to converge
into two.
由於修路，三條車道不得不合併成了兩條。
Ambulances, police cars and fire engines all converged
on the scene.
救護車、警車和消防車都聚集到現場。
100,000 people are expected to converge on
the town for the festival.
預計有十萬人聚集鎮上慶祝節日。
73. convex (a.) 凸的，凸起的
a convex lens/mirror 凸透鏡／凸面鏡
74. convivial (a.) 友好的；歡樂的，愉悅的
a convivial atmosphere/host 歡樂的氣氛／熱情的主人
75. convoluted (a.) (1)盤繞的；彎曲的，曲折的 (2) （句子、解釋、論據等）冗長費解的，繁複晦澀的
a very convoluted route/knot曲折盤旋的路線／纏繞的繩結
His grammar explanations are terribly convoluted.
他對文法的講解非常晦澀難懂。
Her book is full of long, convoluted
sentences. 她的書裡全是些冗長晦澀的句子。
76. copious (a.) 大量的，豐富的；過量的
They drank copious amounts of wine. 他們喝了好多酒。
He took copious notes during the lecture. 他上課時作了大量筆記。
We ate and drank copiously at the party. 我們在聚會上大吃大喝。
77. coquette (n.) 賣弄風情的女子
She greeted him with a coquettish smile. 她面帶媚笑迎接他。
78. cornucopia (n.) 豐盛，大量
The table held a veritable cornucopia of every
kind of food or drink you could want.
桌子上吃的喝的應有盡有，十分豐盛。
79. cosmology (n.) 宇宙起源論；宇宙學
Caltech in
the fifties was becoming an international center of cosmological
discovery.
加州理工學院在50年代成為探索宇宙的國際中心。
80. covert (a.) 隱蔽的；隱秘的；秘密的 (n.) （尤指動物為躲避獵人而藏身的）叢林，小樹叢
covert actions 秘密活動
The government was accused of covert military
operations against the regime.
該政府被指責有秘密軍事組織推翻這一政權的行動。
81. covetous (a.) （尤指對屬於別人的東西）貪求的，垂涎的
Western companies are casting covetous eyes
on the bargain-priced companies of eastern Europe.
西方公司把貪婪的目光投向了廉價的東歐公司。
The boys looked covetously at the shiny new
motorcycles.
男孩子們眼巴巴地盯著亮閃閃的新摩托車。
82. cozen (v.) 騙取，哄騙，詐騙
83. craven (a.) 怯懦的，懦弱的，膽小的
a craven act of terrorism 恐怖主義的懦弱行徑
84. credence (n.)支持；相信，信任
I'm not prepared to give credence to anonymous
complaints. 我不會相信那些匿名投訴。
His bruises added/lent credence to his
statement that he had been beaten.
他的瘀傷證實了自己被打的說法。
85. credo (=creed) (n.) 信條；信念；教義
86. daunt (v.) 使嚇倒；使氣餒
She was not at all daunted by the size of
the problem. 她絲毫也沒有被問題的嚴重性嚇住。
daunting (a.) 令人發怵的；使人氣餒的
In spite of unification, the country was still
faced with the daunting prospect of overcoming four decades of division.
國家雖然實現了統一，但仍然面臨著彌合40年的分裂這一難題。
dauntless (a.) 決然的；無畏的
In spite of the scale of the famine, the relief
workers struggled on with dauntless optimism and commitment. 儘管饑荒非常嚴重，救援工作者仍發揮大無畏的樂觀主義精神，盡職盡責地努力工作。
nothing
daunted不氣餒的，再接再厲的
She was rejected the first time she applied to the
university, but, nothing daunted, reapplied the following year and was
accepted.
她第一次向那間大學遞交入學申請雖然遭到了拒絕，但沒有氣餒，第二年再次遞交就被接收了。
87. dearth (n.) 不足，缺乏，缺少
a dearth of new homes in the region 該地區新住宅的短缺
88. debauchery (n.) 糜爛的，放蕩的；沉湎酒色的；嗜毒的
a life of debauchery 糜爛的生活
debauched (a.) 糜爛的，放蕩的；沉湎酒色的；嗜毒的
his debauched lifestyle 他那種糜爛的生活方式
89. decorum (n.) 穩重，端莊
As young ladies we were expected to act/behave
with proper decorum.
人們認為我們年輕女子的行為舉止應該沉穩端莊。
90. defame (v.) 詆毀，中傷，敗壞…的名譽 (=libel=slander)
Mr Turnock claimed the editorial had defamed
him. 特諾克先生聲稱那篇社論有損他的名譽。
He is suing for defamation of character.
他正以誹謗人格為名提出起訴。
He claims the remarks were highly defamatory.
他聲稱那些言論是十足的中傷。
91. default (v.) 拖欠，不履行債務；違約 (n.) (1) 拖欠，不履行債務；違約 (2)默認結果，既定結果；預設值；缺省值
People who default on their mortgage
repayments may have their home repossessed.
未能按期償還抵押貸款者，其房屋可能會被沒收。
Defaults on loan repayments have reached 52,000 a month. 拖欠貸款的現象每月已達52 000宗。
Any default on your mortgage repayments may
mean you will lose your house.
不按時償還抵押貸款就意味著你將失去房子。
Since they refuse to reply, I think we've won the
argument by default (= because
of their failure to act).
由於他們拒絕回答，我認為我們在這場辯論中自動勝出。
The default rate (= the number of people
failing to do something) is estimated at 1 in 10 of tax payers.
據估計，拖欠稅款者在納稅人中約佔十分之一。
Unless something else happens, the default
is to meet at the hotel at 7.00 p.m.
如果沒有別的事情，按約定下午七點在飯店見面。
The computer will take '0' as the default value,
unless you type in something different.
如果不輸入其他數值，電腦就把0當作預設值。
In default of (= Because there is not) any better alternative,
we will have to proceed with the original plan. 由於沒有更好的方案，我們只好按原定計劃行事。
92. deference (n.) 尊重，尊敬
He treats her with such deference.
他非常尊重她。
She covered her head out of/in deference to
(= because of a polite respect for) Muslim custom.
出於對穆斯林習俗的尊重，她把頭蒙了起來。
93. defunct (a.) 不復存在的；死亡的；失靈的
members of a now defunct communist
organization 目前已解散的共產主義組織的成員
I think this kettle is defunct! 我看這個水壺已經不能使用了！
the now-defunct nuclear reactor
94. delineate (v.) 描述；勾畫
The main characters are clearly delineated
in the first chapter.
作者在第一章裡對主要人物進行了清晰的描述。
The boundary of the car park is delineated
(= its edges are marked) by a low brick wall.
停車場的四周用一堵矮磚牆圍了起來。
95. demography (n.) 人口統計(學)
historical demography 歷史人口統計學
The increase in the number of young people leaving
to work in the cities has had a dramatic impact on the demography of the
villages.
越來越多的年輕人到城市工作，這對鄉村人口狀況產生了巨大影響。
demographic (a.) 人口統計學的
There have been monumental social and demographic
changes in the country.
該國的社會和人口狀況已經發生了巨大的變化。
Current demographic trends suggest that there will be fewer school leavers
coming into the workforce in ten years' time. 目前的人口發展趨勢顯示，在未來十年中加入勞動力大軍的學生人數將越來越少。
96. demotic (a.) （語言）通俗的，大眾化的
97. demur (v.) 提出異議；拒絕 (n.) 反對，異議
The lawyer requested a break in the court case,
but the judge demurred.
律師請求休庭，但法官沒有同意。
She agreed to his request without demur.
她爽快地答應他的請求。
98. denigrate (v.) 貶低，詆毀
You shouldn't denigrate people just because
they have different beliefs from you.
你不要只是因為信仰不同而貶低他人。
99. denizen (n.) （特定地區的）居民，常住者，動物，植物
Deer, foxes and squirrels are among the
denizens of the forest. 鹿、狐狸和松鼠生活在森林地帶。
100. denouement (n.) （小說、戲劇等的）結局，收場
沒有留言:
張貼留言